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Full face flange - soft gasket

Full face flange - soft gasket G C G 0 h T H T B W g 1 H D h D e g 0 H G h G A 1 H R h R
Full face flange - soft gasket

Values for calculation

$T$ $\mathrm{°C}$
$T_{test}$ $\mathrm{°C}$
$T_{assembly}$ $\mathrm{°C}$
$P$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$P_{test}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p0.2/T}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p0.2/T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p1.0/T}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p1.0/T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/20}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/T}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p0.2/bolt/T}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{assembly}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/20/bolt}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/bolt/T}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/bolt/T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$R_{m/bolt/T_{assembly}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$E_T$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$E_{T_{test}}$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$A_1$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$G_0$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$C$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$B$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$d_h$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$d_b$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$n$
$g_1$ $\mathrm{mm}$
$m$
$y$ $\mathrm{MPa}$
$A_B$ $\mathrm{mm^2}$

Calculation

Maximum allowed value of the nominal design stress for normal operating load cases

$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}$
$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}
$$f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.9}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{3}\right)$$
$f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.9}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{3}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.9}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{3}\right)
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35$
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35
$$f_d=\max\left[\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}, \min\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.2}, \cfrac{R_{m/T}}{3}\right)\right]$$
$f_d=\max\left[\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}, \min\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.2}, \cfrac{R_{m/T}}{3}\right)\right]$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_d=\max\left[\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}, \min\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.2}, \cfrac{R_{m/T}}{3}\right)\right]
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35$
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35
$$f_d=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}$$
$f_d=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_d=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T}}{1.5}
$\text{else}$
$\text{else}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else}
$$f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.5}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{2.4}\right)$$
$f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.5}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{2.4}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_d=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T}}{1.5}, \cfrac{R_{m/20}}{2.4}\right)

Maximum allowed value of the nominal design stress for testing load cases

$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}$
$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Cast steels}
$$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.33}$$
$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.33}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.33}
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35$
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge\text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}\geq 35
$$f_{test}=\max\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}, \cfrac{R_{m/T_{test}}}{2}\right)$$
$f_{test}=\max\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}, \cfrac{R_{m/T_{test}}}{2}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{test}=\max\left(\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}, \cfrac{R_{m/T_{test}}}{2}\right)
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35$
$\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material}= \text{Austenitic steels}\wedge 30\le \text{min. }$$\text{elongation }$$\text{after }$$\text{fracture}< 35
$$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}$$
$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p1.0/T_{test}}}{1.05}
$\text{else}$
$\text{else}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else}
$$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.05}$$
$f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.05}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{test}=\cfrac{R_{p0.2/T_{test}}}{1.05}

Bolt nominal design stress for normal operating load cases

$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}
$$f_B=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T}}{4}$$
$f_B=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T}}{4}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_B=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T}}{4}
$\text{else}$
$\text{else}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else}
$$f_B=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)$$
$f_B=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_B=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)

Bolt nominal design stress for testing load cases

$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}
$$f_{B_{test}}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{test}}}{4}\cdot 1.5$$
$f_{B_{test}}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{test}}}{4}\cdot 1.5$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{B_{test}}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{test}}}{4}\cdot 1.5
$\text{else}$
$\text{else}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else}
$$f_{B_{test}}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{test}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)\cdot 1.5$$
$f_{B_{test}}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{test}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)\cdot 1.5$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{B_{test}}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{test}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)\cdot 1.5

Bolt nominal design stress at assembly temperature

$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
$\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{if }\ \text{type }$$\text{of }$$\text{material }$$\text{of }$$\text{bolt}= \text{Austenitic steels}
$$f_{B,A}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{4}$$
$f_{B,A}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{4}$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{B,A}=\cfrac{R_{m/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{4}
$\text{else}$
$\text{else}$
Equations in LaTeX code
\text{else}
$$f_{B,A}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)$$
$f_{B,A}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
f_{B,A}=\min\left(\cfrac{R_{p0.2/bolt/T_{assembly}}}{3}, \cfrac{R_{m/20/bolt}}{4}\right)

Effective gasket pressure width

$$2b''=5$$
$2b''=5$
Equations in LaTeX code
2b''=5

Basic assembly width effective under initial tightening up

$$b'_0=\min\left(G_0-C, C-A_1\right)$$
$b'_0=\min\left(G_0-C, C-A_1\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
b'_0=\min\left(G_0-C, C-A_1\right)

Effective assembly width

$$b'=4\cdot \sqrt{b'_0} $$
$b'=4\cdot \sqrt{b'_0} $
Equations in LaTeX code
b'=4\cdot \sqrt{b'_0}

Diameter at location of gasket load reaction

$$G=C-\left(d_h+2b''\right)$$
$G=C-\left(d_h+2b''\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
G=C-\left(d_h+2b''\right)

Total hydrostatic end force

$$H=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P$$
$H=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P$
Equations in LaTeX code
H=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P

Total hydrostatic end force for testing load cases

$$H_{test}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P_{test}$$
$H_{test}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P_{test}$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_{test}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(C-d_h\right)^2\cdot P_{test}

Compression load on gasket to ensure tight joint

$$H_G=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P$$
$H_G=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_G=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P

Compression load on gasket to ensure tight joint for testing load cases

$$H_{G_{test}}=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P_{test}$$
$H_{G_{test}}=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P_{test}$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_{G_{test}}=2b''\cdot π\cdot G\cdot m\cdot P_{test}

Hydrostatic end force applied via shell to flange

$$H_D=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P\right)$$
$H_D=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_D=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P\right)

Hydrostatic end force applied via shell to flange for testing load cases

$$H_{D_{test}}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P_{test}\right)$$
$H_{D_{test}}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P_{test}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_{D_{test}}=\cfrac{π}{4}\cdot\left(B^2\cdot P_{test}\right)

Hydrostatic end force due to pressure on flange face

$$H_T=H-H_D$$
$H_T=H-H_D$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_T=H-H_D

Hydrostatic end force due to pressure on flange face for testing load cases

$$H_{T_{test}}=H_{test}-H_{D_{test}}$$
$H_{T_{test}}=H_{test}-H_{D_{test}}$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_{T_{test}}=H_{test}-H_{D_{test}}

Radial distance from bolt circle to circle on which $ H_D $ acts

$$h_D=\left(C-B-g_1\right)/2$$
$h_D=\left(C-B-g_1\right)/2$
Equations in LaTeX code
h_D=\left(C-B-g_1\right)/2

Radial distance from gasket load reaction to bolt circle

$$h_G=\left(d_h+2b''\right)/2$$
$h_G=\left(d_h+2b''\right)/2$
Equations in LaTeX code
h_G=\left(d_h+2b''\right)/2

Radial distance from bolt circle to circle on which $ H_T $ acts

$$h_T=\left(C+d_h+2b''-B\right)/4$$
$h_T=\left(C+d_h+2b''-B\right)/4$
Equations in LaTeX code
h_T=\left(C+d_h+2b''-B\right)/4

Radial distance from bolt circle to circle on which $ H_R $ acts

$$h_R=\left(G_0-C+d_h\right)/4$$
$h_R=\left(G_0-C+d_h\right)/4$
Equations in LaTeX code
h_R=\left(G_0-C+d_h\right)/4

Balancing radial moment in flange along line of bolt holes

$$M_R=H_D\cdot h_D+H_T\cdot h_T+H_G\cdot h_G$$
$M_R=H_D\cdot h_D+H_T\cdot h_T+H_G\cdot h_G$
Equations in LaTeX code
M_R=H_D\cdot h_D+H_T\cdot h_T+H_G\cdot h_G

Balancing radial moment in flange along line of bolt holes for testing load cases

$$M_{R_{test}}=H_{D_{test}}\cdot h_D+H_{T_{test}}\cdot h_T+H_{G_{test}}\cdot h_G$$
$M_{R_{test}}=H_{D_{test}}\cdot h_D+H_{T_{test}}\cdot h_T+H_{G_{test}}\cdot h_G$
Equations in LaTeX code
M_{R_{test}}=H_{D_{test}}\cdot h_D+H_{T_{test}}\cdot h_T+H_{G_{test}}\cdot h_G

Balancing reaction force outside bolt circle in opposition to moments due to loads inside bolt circle

$$H_R=M_R/h_R$$
$H_R=M_R/h_R$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_R=M_R/h_R

Balancing reaction force outside bolt circle in opposition to moments due to loads inside bolt circle for testing load cases

$$H_{R_{test}}=M_{R_{test}}/h_R$$
$H_{R_{test}}=M_{R_{test}}/h_R$
Equations in LaTeX code
H_{R_{test}}=M_{R_{test}}/h_R

Minimum required bolt load for assembly condition

$$W_A=π\cdot C\cdot b'\cdot y$$
$W_A=π\cdot C\cdot b'\cdot y$
Equations in LaTeX code
W_A=π\cdot C\cdot b'\cdot y

Minimum required bolt load for operating condition

$$W_{op}=H+H_G+H_R$$
$W_{op}=H+H_G+H_R$
Equations in LaTeX code
W_{op}=H+H_G+H_R

Minimum required bolt load for testing load cases

$$W_{test}=H_{test}+H_{G_{test}}+H_{R_{test}}$$
$W_{test}=H_{test}+H_{G_{test}}+H_{R_{test}}$
Equations in LaTeX code
W_{test}=H_{test}+H_{G_{test}}+H_{R_{test}}

Total required cross-sectional area of bolts

$$A_{B,min}=\max\left(\cfrac{W_A}{f_{B,A}}, \cfrac{W_{op}}{f_B}, \cfrac{W_{test}}{f_{B_{test}}}\right)$$
$A_{B,min}=\max\left(\cfrac{W_A}{f_{B,A}}, \cfrac{W_{op}}{f_B}, \cfrac{W_{test}}{f_{B_{test}}}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
A_{B,min}=\max\left(\cfrac{W_A}{f_{B,A}}, \cfrac{W_{op}}{f_B}, \cfrac{W_{test}}{f_{B_{test}}}\right)
$$A_B\geq A_{B,min}$$
$A_B\geq A_{B,min}$
Equations in LaTeX code
A_B\geq A_{B,min}

Distance between centre lines of adjacent bolts

$$δ_b=C\cdot\sin{\cfrac{π}{n}}$$
$δ_b=C\cdot\sin{\cfrac{π}{n}}$
Equations in LaTeX code
δ_b=C\cdot\sin{\cfrac{π}{n}}

Minimum flange thickness, measured at the thinnest section

$$e=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_R}{f_d\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_T/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P}{2\cdot f_d}\right)$$
$e=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_R}{f_d\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_T/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P}{2\cdot f_d}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
e=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_R}{f_d\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_T/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P}{2\cdot f_d}\right)

Minimum flange thickness, measured at the thinnest section for testing load cases

$$e_{test}=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_{R_{test}}}{f_{test}\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_{T_{test}}/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P_{test}}{2\cdot f_{test}}\right)$$
$e_{test}=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_{R_{test}}}{f_{test}\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_{T_{test}}/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P_{test}}{2\cdot f_{test}}\right)$
Equations in LaTeX code
e_{test}=\max\left(\sqrt{\cfrac{6\cdot M_{R_{test}}}{f_{test}\cdot\left(π\cdot C-n\cdot d_h\right)}}, \cfrac{m+0.5}{\left(E_{T_{test}}/200000\right)^{0.25}}\cdot\cfrac{δ_b-2\cdot d_b}{6}, \cfrac{\left(A_1+2\cdot g_1\right)\cdot P_{test}}{2\cdot f_{test}}\right)
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