| $ $
| bolting-up method, measuring method | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $ $
| bolt | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $A_b$
| cross‐sectional area of the bolts | $\mathrm{mm^2}$
|
| $B_A$
| coefficient $ B_A $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_B$
| coefficient $ B_B $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_T$
| coefficient $ B_T $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1A-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{1A-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1A-socket}$
| coefficient $ B_{1A-socket} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1A}$
| coefficient $ B_{1A} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1B-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{1B-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1B}$
| coefficient $ B_{1B} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1T-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{1T-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{1T}$
| coefficient $ B_{1T} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2A-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{2A-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2A-socket}$
| coefficient $ B_{2A-socket} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2A}$
| coefficient $ B_{2A} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2B-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{2B-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2B}$
| coefficient $ B_{2B} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2T-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{2T-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{2T}$
| coefficient $ B_{2T} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3A-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{3A-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3A-socket}$
| coefficient $ B_{3A-socket} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3A}$
| coefficient $ B_{3A} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3B-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{3B-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3B}$
| coefficient $ B_{3B} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3T-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{3T-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{3T}$
| coefficient $ B_{3T} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{4A}$
| coefficient $ B_{4A} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{4B-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{4B-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{4B}$
| coefficient $ B_{4B} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{4T-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{4T-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{4T}$
| coefficient $ B_{4T} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{A-clevis}$
| coefficient $ B_{A-clevis} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{A-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{A-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{A-rod}$
| coefficient $ B_{A-rod} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{A-socket}$
| coefficient $ B_{A-socket} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{B-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{B-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $B_{T-hub}$
| coefficient $ B_{T-hub} $ | $\mathrm{}$
|
| $C_c$
| coefficient according to load | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $C_{D_0}$
| dimensional characteristics of the connection on diameter $ D_0 $ | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $C_{D}$
| dimensional characteristics of the connection on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $C_{j-trunnion-clevis}$
| coefficient of joint for trunnion and clevis | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $C_{j-trunnion-rod}$
| coefficient of joint for trunnion and rod | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $D$
| diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D$
| diameter of the shaft | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D$
| basic major diameter of internal thread (nominal diameter) | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_0$
| inner diameter of the hollow shaft | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_1$
| diameter $ D_1 $ | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_1$
| outside diameter of flange | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_1$
| basic minor diameter of internal thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_2$
| internal diameter of flange | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_2$
| basic pitch diameter of internal thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $D_h$
| diameter of the hub | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $E$
| Young's modulus | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $E_{bolt}$
| Young's modulus for bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $E_{hub}$
| Young's modulus for hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $E_{shaft}$
| Young's modulus for shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $F$
| force | $\mathrm{kN}$
|
| $F_A$
| axial force | $\mathrm{kN}$
|
| $F_R$
| radial force | $\mathrm{kN}$
|
| $F_{A-bolt-max}$
| maximum axial force in the bolt | $\mathrm{N}$
|
| $F_{A-bolt-min}$
| minimum axial force in the bolt | $\mathrm{N}$
|
| $F_{A-bolt-nom}$
| nominal axial force in the bolt | $\mathrm{N}$
|
| $H$
| height of fundamental triangle | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $K$
| diameter of the bolt circle | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $K$
| diameter of the pin circle | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $L$
| thread length of thread in threaded hole | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $M_B$
| bending moment | $\mathrm{Nm}$
|
| $M_T$
| twisting moment | $\mathrm{Nm}$
|
| $M_{B-bolt}$
| bending moment the bolt | $\mathrm{Nm}$
|
| $M_{bolt}$
| bolt tightening torque | $\mathrm{Nm}$
|
| $P$
| pitch | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $P_B$
| bearing stress | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-cotter-socket}$
| bearing stress in the cotter and socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-cotter-spigot}$
| bearing stress in the cotter and spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-key-hub}$
| bearing stress in the key and hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-key-shaft}$
| bearing stress in the key and shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-pin-flange-1}$
| bearing stress in the pin and flange 1 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-pin-flange-2}$
| bearing stress in the pin and flange 2 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-pin-hub}$
| bearing stress in the pin and hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-pin-shaft}$
| bearing stress in the pin and shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-thread}$
| bearing stress in the thread | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-trunnion-clevis}$
| bearing stress in the trunnion and clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-trunnion-rod}$
| bearing stress in the trunnion and rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{B-washer}$
| bearing stress in the washer | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-bolt}$
| allowable bearing stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-clevis}$
| allowable bearing stress the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-cotter}$
| allowable bearing stress the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-flange-1}$
| allowable bearing stress the the flange 1 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-flange-2}$
| allowable bearing stress the the flange 2 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-hub}$
| allowable bearing stress the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-key}$
| allowable bearing stress the key | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-pin}$
| allowable bearing stress the pin | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-rod}$
| allowable bearing stress the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-shaft}$
| allowable bearing stress the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-socket}$
| allowable bearing stress the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-spigot}$
| allowable bearing stress the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $P_{all-B-trunnion}$
| allowable bearing stress the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_F$
| safety factor | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $S_s$
| coefficient of max. stress increase | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $S_{y-bolt}$
| the minimum yield strength of the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-clevis}$
| the minimum yield strength of the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-cotter}$
| the minimum yield strength of the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-flange-1}$
| the minimum yield strength of the flange 1 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-flange-2}$
| the minimum yield strength of the flange 2 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-hub}$
| the minimum yield strength of the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-key}$
| the minimum yield strength of the key | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-pin}$
| the minimum yield strength of the pin | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-rod}$
| the minimum yield strength of the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-shaft}$
| the minimum yield strength of the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-socket}$
| the minimum yield strength of the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-spigot}$
| the minimum yield strength of the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $S_{y-trunnion}$
| the minimum yield strength of the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $T_a$
| ambient temperature | $\mathrm{°C}$
|
| $T_{hub}$
| temperature for hub | $\mathrm{°C}$
|
| $T_{shaft}$
| temperature for shaft | $\mathrm{°C}$
|
| $a$
| thickness the rod | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $a$
| length square head with load | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $a_1$
| length square head without load | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $a_c$
| assembly clearance | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $b$
| thickness the clevis | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $b$
| distance of the resultant of the pressure | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $b$
| width key | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d$
| diameter of the pin | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d$
| trunnion diameter | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d$
| diameter $ d $ | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d$
| spigot diameter | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d$
| basic major diameter of external thread (nominal diameter) | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_1$
| basic minor diameter of external thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_2$
| basic pitch diameter of external thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_3$
| basic smaller diameter of external thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_3$
| basic smaller diameter of external thread | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_8$
| diameter square head | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_9$
| free diameter | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_h$
| diameter of bolt holes | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_w$
| outer diameter of the washer | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $d_{nut-or-bolt-head}$
| mean contact diameter under nut or bolt head | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h$
| height key | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_1$
| length the rod | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_1$
| length the spigot | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_2$
| length the clevis | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_2$
| length the socket | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_h$
| the height of the key in the hub | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $h_s$
| the height of the key in the shaft | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $i$
| number of pins | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $i$
| number of keys | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $i$
| number of bolts | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $l$
| length pin | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l$
| length square head in the hub | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l$
| bolt connection length | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l$
| functional coupling length | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l$
| length key | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l_1$
| width the rod | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l_2$
| width the clevis | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $l_t$
| tolerance of key length | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $p_{max}$
| max. contact pressure | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $p_{min}$
| min. contact pressure | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $r$
| radius | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $r_1$
| max. rounding the key | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $r_2$
| groove rounding | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s$
| gap | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s$
| width square head | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s$
| thickness the cotter | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s$
| flange thickness | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s_1$
| length pin in flange 1 | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $s_2$
| length pin in flange 2 | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $t$
| width between pins | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $t$
| depth in the shaft | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $t_1$
| depth in the hub | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $t_t$
| tolerance of the groove height in the shaft | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $t_{1t}$
| tolerance of the groove height in the hub | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $v$
| width the cotter | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $Δ_{max}$
| max. Interference | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $Δ_{min}$
| min. Interference | $\mathrm{mm}$
|
| $α$
| angle between pins | $\mathrm{rad}$
|
| $α_{hub}$
| coefficient of thermal expansion for hub | $\mathrm{K^{-1}}$
|
| $α_{shaft}$
| coefficient of thermal expansion for shaft | $\mathrm{K^{-1}}$
|
| $ε$
| scatter value | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $μ$
| friction coefficient | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $μ_{flanges}$
| friction between flanges | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $μ_{nut-or-bolt-head}$
| friction under the nut or bolt head | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $μ_{thread}$
| friction in the thread | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $ν_{hub}$
| Poisson's ratio for hub | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $ν_{shaft}$
| Poisson's ratio for shaft | $\mathrm{ }$
|
| $σ_{A-bolt}$
| axial stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-clevis}$
| axial stress in the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-hub}$
| axial stress in the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-rod}$
| axial stress in the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-shaft}$
| axial stress in the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-socket}$
| axial stress in the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{A-spigot}$
| axial stress in the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-bolt}$
| bending stress in the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-cotter}$
| bending stress in the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-hub}$
| bending stress in the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-shaft-hub}$
| bending stress in the weakened part of the shaft-hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-shaft}$
| bending stress in the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-thread}$
| bending stress in the thread | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{B-trunnion}$
| bending stress in the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{R-hub-D}$
| radial stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{R-shaft-D_0}$
| radial stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{R-shaft-D}$
| radial stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{T-hub-D}$
| tangential stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{T-shaft-D_0}$
| tangential stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{T-shaft-D}$
| tangential stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-bolt}$
| allowable axial stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-clevis}$
| allowable axial stress the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-hub}$
| allowable axial stress the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-rod}$
| allowable axial stress the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-shaft}$
| allowable axial stress the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-socket}$
| allowable axial stress the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-A-spigot}$
| allowable axial stress the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-bolt}$
| allowable bending stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-cotter}$
| allowable bending stress the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-flange-1}$
| allowable bending stress the flange 1 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-hub}$
| allowable bending stress the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-shaft}$
| allowable bending stress the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-B-trunnion}$
| allowable bending stress the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-C-bolt}$
| allowable combined stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-C-hub}$
| allowable combined stress the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-C-shaft}$
| allowable combined stress the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{all-C-trunnion}$
| allowable combined stress the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-bolt}$
| combined stress in the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-hub-D}$
| combined stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-hub}$
| combined stress in the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-shaft-D_0}$
| combined stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-shaft-D}$
| combined stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-shaft}$
| combined stress in the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $σ_{tresca-trunnion}$
| combined stress in the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-bolt}$
| shear stress in the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-clevis}$
| shear stress in the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-cotter}$
| shear stress in the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-hub-D}$
| shear stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-hub}$
| shear stress in the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-key}$
| shear stress key | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-pin}$
| shear stress in the pin | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-rod}$
| shear stress in the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-shaft-D}$
| shear stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-shaft-hub}$
| shear stress in the weakened part of the shaft-hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-shaft}$
| shear stress in the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-socket}$
| shear stress in the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-spigot}$
| shear stress in the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-thread}$
| shear stress in the thread | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{S-trunnion}$
| shear stress in the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{T-hub-D}$
| torsion stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{T-hub}$
| torsion stress in the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{T-shaft-D_0}$
| torsion stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{T-shaft-D}$
| torsion stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{T-shaft}$
| torsion stress in the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-bolt}$
| allowable shear stress the bolt | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-clevis}$
| allowable shear stress the clevis | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-cotter}$
| allowable shear stress the cotter | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-flange-1}$
| allowable shear stress the flange 1 | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-hub}$
| allowable shear stress the hub | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-key}$
| allowable shear stress the key | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-pin}$
| allowable shear stress the pin | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-rod}$
| allowable shear stress the rod | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-shaft}$
| allowable shear stress the shaft | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-socket}$
| allowable shear stress the socket | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-spigot}$
| allowable shear stress the spigot | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $τ_{all-S-trunnion}$
| allowable shear stress the trunnion | $\mathrm{MPa}$
|
| $ψ$
| angle of inclination of the tangent to the bending line | $\mathrm{rad}$
|
