$ $ |
bolting-up method, measuring method |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$ $ |
bolt |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$A_b$ |
cross‐sectional area of the bolts |
$\mathrm{mm^2}$ |
$B_A$ |
coefficient $ B_A $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_B$ |
coefficient $ B_B $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_T$ |
coefficient $ B_T $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1A-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1A-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1A-socket}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1A-socket} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1A}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1A} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1B-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1B-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1B}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1B} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1T-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1T-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{1T}$ |
coefficient $ B_{1T} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2A-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2A-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2A-socket}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2A-socket} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2A}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2A} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2B-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2B-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2B}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2B} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2T-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2T-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{2T}$ |
coefficient $ B_{2T} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3A-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3A-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3A-socket}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3A-socket} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3A}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3A} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3B-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3B-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3B}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3B} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3T-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3T-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{3T}$ |
coefficient $ B_{3T} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{4A}$ |
coefficient $ B_{4A} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{4B-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{4B-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{4B}$ |
coefficient $ B_{4B} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{4T-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{4T-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{4T}$ |
coefficient $ B_{4T} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{A-clevis}$ |
coefficient $ B_{A-clevis} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{A-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{A-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{A-rod}$ |
coefficient $ B_{A-rod} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{A-socket}$ |
coefficient $ B_{A-socket} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{B-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{B-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$B_{T-hub}$ |
coefficient $ B_{T-hub} $ |
$\mathrm{}$ |
$C_c$ |
coefficient according to load |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$C_{D_0}$ |
dimensional characteristics of the connection on diameter $ D_0 $ |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$C_{D}$ |
dimensional characteristics of the connection on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$C_{j-trunnion-clevis}$ |
coefficient of joint for trunnion and clevis |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$C_{j-trunnion-rod}$ |
coefficient of joint for trunnion and rod |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$D$ |
diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D$ |
diameter of the shaft |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D$ |
basic major diameter of internal thread (nominal diameter) |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_0$ |
inner diameter of the hollow shaft |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_1$ |
diameter $ D_1 $ |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_1$ |
outside diameter of flange |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_1$ |
basic minor diameter of internal thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_2$ |
internal diameter of flange |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_2$ |
basic pitch diameter of internal thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$D_h$ |
diameter of the hub |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$E$ |
Young's modulus |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$E_{bolt}$ |
Young's modulus for bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$E_{hub}$ |
Young's modulus for hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$E_{shaft}$ |
Young's modulus for shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$F$ |
force |
$\mathrm{kN}$ |
$F_A$ |
axial force |
$\mathrm{kN}$ |
$F_R$ |
radial force |
$\mathrm{kN}$ |
$F_{A-bolt-max}$ |
maximum axial force in the bolt |
$\mathrm{N}$ |
$F_{A-bolt-min}$ |
minimum axial force in the bolt |
$\mathrm{N}$ |
$F_{A-bolt-nom}$ |
nominal axial force in the bolt |
$\mathrm{N}$ |
$H$ |
height of fundamental triangle |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$K$ |
diameter of the bolt circle |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$K$ |
diameter of the pin circle |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$L$ |
thread length of thread in threaded hole |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$M_B$ |
bending moment |
$\mathrm{Nm}$ |
$M_T$ |
twisting moment |
$\mathrm{Nm}$ |
$M_{B-bolt}$ |
bending moment the bolt |
$\mathrm{Nm}$ |
$M_{bolt}$ |
bolt tightening torque |
$\mathrm{Nm}$ |
$P$ |
pitch |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$P_B$ |
bearing stress |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-cotter-socket}$ |
bearing stress in the cotter and socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-cotter-spigot}$ |
bearing stress in the cotter and spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-key-hub}$ |
bearing stress in the key and hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-key-shaft}$ |
bearing stress in the key and shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-pin-flange-1}$ |
bearing stress in the pin and flange 1 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-pin-flange-2}$ |
bearing stress in the pin and flange 2 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-pin-hub}$ |
bearing stress in the pin and hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-pin-shaft}$ |
bearing stress in the pin and shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-thread}$ |
bearing stress in the thread |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-trunnion-clevis}$ |
bearing stress in the trunnion and clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-trunnion-rod}$ |
bearing stress in the trunnion and rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{B-washer}$ |
bearing stress in the washer |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-bolt}$ |
allowable bearing stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-clevis}$ |
allowable bearing stress the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-cotter}$ |
allowable bearing stress the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-flange-1}$ |
allowable bearing stress the the flange 1 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-flange-2}$ |
allowable bearing stress the the flange 2 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-hub}$ |
allowable bearing stress the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-key}$ |
allowable bearing stress the key |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-pin}$ |
allowable bearing stress the pin |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-rod}$ |
allowable bearing stress the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-shaft}$ |
allowable bearing stress the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-socket}$ |
allowable bearing stress the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-spigot}$ |
allowable bearing stress the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$P_{all-B-trunnion}$ |
allowable bearing stress the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_F$ |
safety factor |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$S_s$ |
coefficient of max. stress increase |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$S_{y-bolt}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-clevis}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-cotter}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-flange-1}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the flange 1 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-flange-2}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the flange 2 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-hub}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-key}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the key |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-pin}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the pin |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-rod}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-shaft}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-socket}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-spigot}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$S_{y-trunnion}$ |
the minimum yield strength of the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$T_a$ |
ambient temperature |
$\mathrm{°C}$ |
$T_{hub}$ |
temperature for hub |
$\mathrm{°C}$ |
$T_{shaft}$ |
temperature for shaft |
$\mathrm{°C}$ |
$a$ |
thickness the rod |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$a$ |
length square head with load |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$a_1$ |
length square head without load |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$a_c$ |
assembly clearance |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$b$ |
thickness the clevis |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$b$ |
distance of the resultant of the pressure |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$b$ |
width key |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d$ |
diameter of the pin |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d$ |
trunnion diameter |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d$ |
diameter $ d $ |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d$ |
spigot diameter |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d$ |
basic major diameter of external thread (nominal diameter) |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_1$ |
basic minor diameter of external thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_2$ |
basic pitch diameter of external thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_3$ |
basic smaller diameter of external thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_3$ |
basic smaller diameter of external thread |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_8$ |
diameter square head |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_9$ |
free diameter |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_h$ |
diameter of bolt holes |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_w$ |
outer diameter of the washer |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$d_{nut-or-bolt-head}$ |
mean contact diameter under nut or bolt head |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h$ |
height key |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_1$ |
length the rod |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_1$ |
length the spigot |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_2$ |
length the clevis |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_2$ |
length the socket |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_h$ |
the height of the key in the hub |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$h_s$ |
the height of the key in the shaft |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$i$ |
number of pins |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$i$ |
number of keys |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$i$ |
number of bolts |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$l$ |
length pin |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l$ |
length square head in the hub |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l$ |
bolt connection length |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l$ |
functional coupling length |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l$ |
length key |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l_1$ |
width the rod |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l_2$ |
width the clevis |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$l_t$ |
tolerance of key length |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$p_{max}$ |
max. contact pressure |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$p_{min}$ |
min. contact pressure |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$r$ |
radius |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$r_1$ |
max. rounding the key |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$r_2$ |
groove rounding |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s$ |
gap |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s$ |
width square head |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s$ |
thickness the cotter |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s$ |
flange thickness |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s_1$ |
length pin in flange 1 |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$s_2$ |
length pin in flange 2 |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$t$ |
width between pins |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$t$ |
depth in the shaft |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$t_1$ |
depth in the hub |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$t_t$ |
tolerance of the groove height in the shaft |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$t_{1t}$ |
tolerance of the groove height in the hub |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$v$ |
width the cotter |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$Δ_{max}$ |
max. Interference |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$Δ_{min}$ |
min. Interference |
$\mathrm{mm}$ |
$α$ |
angle between pins |
$\mathrm{rad}$ |
$α_{hub}$ |
coefficient of thermal expansion for hub |
$\mathrm{K^{-1}}$ |
$α_{shaft}$ |
coefficient of thermal expansion for shaft |
$\mathrm{K^{-1}}$ |
$ε$ |
scatter value |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$μ$ |
friction coefficient |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$μ_{flanges}$ |
friction between flanges |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$μ_{nut-or-bolt-head}$ |
friction under the nut or bolt head |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$μ_{thread}$ |
friction in the thread |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$ν_{hub}$ |
Poisson's ratio for hub |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$ν_{shaft}$ |
Poisson's ratio for shaft |
$\mathrm{ }$ |
$σ_{A-bolt}$ |
axial stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-clevis}$ |
axial stress in the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-hub}$ |
axial stress in the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-rod}$ |
axial stress in the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-shaft}$ |
axial stress in the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-socket}$ |
axial stress in the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{A-spigot}$ |
axial stress in the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-bolt}$ |
bending stress in the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-cotter}$ |
bending stress in the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-hub}$ |
bending stress in the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-shaft-hub}$ |
bending stress in the weakened part of the shaft-hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-shaft}$ |
bending stress in the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-thread}$ |
bending stress in the thread |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{B-trunnion}$ |
bending stress in the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{R-hub-D}$ |
radial stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{R-shaft-D_0}$ |
radial stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{R-shaft-D}$ |
radial stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{T-hub-D}$ |
tangential stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{T-shaft-D_0}$ |
tangential stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{T-shaft-D}$ |
tangential stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-bolt}$ |
allowable axial stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-clevis}$ |
allowable axial stress the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-hub}$ |
allowable axial stress the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-rod}$ |
allowable axial stress the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-shaft}$ |
allowable axial stress the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-socket}$ |
allowable axial stress the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-A-spigot}$ |
allowable axial stress the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-bolt}$ |
allowable bending stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-cotter}$ |
allowable bending stress the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-flange-1}$ |
allowable bending stress the flange 1 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-hub}$ |
allowable bending stress the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-shaft}$ |
allowable bending stress the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-B-trunnion}$ |
allowable bending stress the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-C-bolt}$ |
allowable combined stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-C-hub}$ |
allowable combined stress the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-C-shaft}$ |
allowable combined stress the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{all-C-trunnion}$ |
allowable combined stress the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-bolt}$ |
combined stress in the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-hub-D}$ |
combined stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-hub}$ |
combined stress in the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-shaft-D_0}$ |
combined stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-shaft-D}$ |
combined stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-shaft}$ |
combined stress in the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$σ_{tresca-trunnion}$ |
combined stress in the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-bolt}$ |
shear stress in the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-clevis}$ |
shear stress in the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-cotter}$ |
shear stress in the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-hub-D}$ |
shear stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-hub}$ |
shear stress in the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-key}$ |
shear stress key |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-pin}$ |
shear stress in the pin |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-rod}$ |
shear stress in the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-shaft-D}$ |
shear stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-shaft-hub}$ |
shear stress in the weakened part of the shaft-hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-shaft}$ |
shear stress in the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-socket}$ |
shear stress in the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-spigot}$ |
shear stress in the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-thread}$ |
shear stress in the thread |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{S-trunnion}$ |
shear stress in the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{T-hub-D}$ |
torsion stress in the hub on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{T-hub}$ |
torsion stress in the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{T-shaft-D_0}$ |
torsion stress in the shaft on diameter $ D_0 $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{T-shaft-D}$ |
torsion stress in the shaft on diameter $ D $ |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{T-shaft}$ |
torsion stress in the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-bolt}$ |
allowable shear stress the bolt |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-clevis}$ |
allowable shear stress the clevis |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-cotter}$ |
allowable shear stress the cotter |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-flange-1}$ |
allowable shear stress the flange 1 |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-hub}$ |
allowable shear stress the hub |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-key}$ |
allowable shear stress the key |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-pin}$ |
allowable shear stress the pin |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-rod}$ |
allowable shear stress the rod |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-shaft}$ |
allowable shear stress the shaft |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-socket}$ |
allowable shear stress the socket |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-spigot}$ |
allowable shear stress the spigot |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$τ_{all-S-trunnion}$ |
allowable shear stress the trunnion |
$\mathrm{MPa}$ |
$ψ$ |
angle of inclination of the tangent to the bending line |
$\mathrm{rad}$ |